The Philippines facts, information, pictures. LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENTTOPOGRAPHYCLIMATEFLORA AND FAUNAENVIRONMENTPOPULATIONMIGRATIONETHNIC GROUPSLANGUAGESRELIGIONSTRANSPORTATIONHISTORYGOVERNMENTPOLITICAL PARTIESLOCAL GOVERNMENTJUDICIAL SYSTEMARMED FORCESINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONECONOMYINCOMELABORAGRICULTUREANIMAL HUSBANDRYFISHINGFORESTRYMININGENERGY AND POWERINDUSTRYSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYDOMESTIC TRADEFOREIGN TRADEBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBANKING AND SECURITIESINSURANCEPUBLIC FINANCETAXATIONCUSTOMS AND DUTIESFOREIGN INVESTMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTHEALTHHOUSINGEDUCATIONLIBRARIES AND MUSEUMSMEDIAORGANIZATIONSTOURISM, TRAVEL, AND RECREATIONFAMOUS FILIPINOSDEPENDENCIESBIBLIOGRAPHYRepublic of the Philippines. Republika ng Pilipinas. CAPITAL: Manila. FLAG: The national flag consists of a white equilateral triangle at the hoist, with a blue stripe extending from its upper side and a red stripe extending from its lower side. Inside each angle of the triangle is a yellow five- pointed star, and in its center is a yellow sun with eight rays. ANTHEM: Lupang Hinirang (also known as Bayang Magiliw .
There are coins of 1, 5, 1. Movable religious holidays include Holy Thursday and Good Friday. TIME: 8 pm = noon GMT. The Republic of the Philippines consists of an archipelago of 7,1. Asia and separated from it by the South China Sea. The total land area is approximately 3.
Church Year FAQs. What is the history of Advent and the Advent wreath? What is the significance of Ash Wednesday and ashes on the forehead? How do you determine the. The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian Church, with more than 1.29 billion members worldwide. As one of the oldest. Church government (or sometimes church polity) is that branch of ecclesiology (study of the church) that addresses the organizational structure and hierarchy of the.
Luzon, 1. 08,1. 71 sq km (4. Mindanao, 9. 9,0. Other large islands include Samar, Negros, Palawan, Panay, Mindoro, Leyte, Cebu, Bohol, and Masbate. Comparatively, the area occupied by the Philippines is slightly larger than the state of Arizona. The Philippines' length is 1,8.
The Philippines is separated from Taiwan on the n by the Bashi Channel (forming part of the Luzon Strait) and from Sabah, Malaysia (northern Borneo), on the sw by the Balabac Strait (off Palawan) and the Sibutu Passage (off the Sulu Archipelago). Bordering seas include the Philippine Sea and the Pacific Ocean on the e, the Celebes Sea on the S, the Sulu Sea on the sw, and the South China Sea on the w.
The Philippines has a total coastline of 3. The Philippines claims the Spratly Islands, in the South China Sea, as do China, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Vietnam. About 1,0. 00 Philippine marines were stationed in the Spratlys in 1. The Philippines also has a claim on Sabah, dating back to 1. The Philippines' capital city, Manila, is located on the island of Luzon.
I have been researching the history of Spiritual Christians from Russia, my heritage, since entering college in the 1960s. Welcome to the Reformed Church in America Here you can find information and resources that pertain to your faith journey, your church's connection, and denominational. Help support New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible. Get information, facts, and pictures about The Philippines at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about The Philippines easy with credible. The Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) has more than 1.7 million members in more than 10,000 congregations and worshiping communities answering Christ's call to mission and.
The topography is extremely varied, with volcanic mountain masses forming the cores of most of the larger islands. The range culminates in Mt. Pulog (elevation 2,9. Luzon and in Mt. Apo, the highest point in the Philippines (elevation 2,9. Mindanao. A number of volcanoes are active, and the islands have been subject to destructive earthquakes.
On 1. 6 July 1. 99. Luzon causing the death of 1,6. A 6. 5 magnitude earthquake occurred in Samar on 1.
November 2. 00. 3, causing structural damage to buildings and roads, but few injuries. Another 6. 5 magnitude tremor occurred in Mindoro on 8 October 2. Lowlands are generally narrow coastal strips except for larger plains in Luzon (Cagayan Valley and Central Plains), Mindanao (Cotabato and Davao- Agusan valleys), and others in Negros and Panay. Rivers are short and generally seasonal in flow. Important ones are the Cagayan, Agno, Abra, Bicol, and Pampanga in Luzon and the Cotabato and Agusan in Mindanao. Flooding is a frequent hazard. The shores of many of the islands are embayed (Manila Bay is one of the finest harbors in East Asia); however, several islands lack adequate harbors and require offshore lightering for sea transport.
The only two inland water bodies of significant size are Laguna de Bay in Luzon and Lake Sultan Alonto in Mindanao. The Philippine Islands, in general, have a maritime tropical climate and, except in the higher mountains, temperatures remain warm, the annual average ranging from about 2. Daily average temperatures in Manila range from a minimum of 2.
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Annual normal relative humidity averages 8. Rainfall and seasonality differ markedly throughout the islands, owing to varying. Generally, the east coasts receive heavy winter rainfall and the west coasts heavy summer rainfall. Intermediate and southern locales receive lesser amounts more equally distributed.
The average annual rainfall in the Philippines ranges from 9. The Philippines supports a rich and varied flora with close botanical connections to Indonesia and mainland Southeast Asia. Forests cover almost one- half of the land area and are typically tropical, with the dominant family, Dipterocarpaceae, representing 7. The forest also has vines, epiphytes, and climbers. Open grasslands, ranging up to 2. The diverse flora includes 8,0.
There are over 1. There are about 1. Reptilian life is represented by 1. Primary responsibility for environmental protection rests with the National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC), under whose jurisdiction the National Environmental Protection Council (NEPC) serves to develop national environmental policies and the Environmental Center of the Philippines implements such policies at the regional and local levels. Uncontrolled deforestation in watershed areas, with consequent soil erosion and silting of dams and rivers, constitutes a major environmental problem, together with rising levels of air and water pollution in Manila and other urban areas. The NPCC has established standards limiting automobile emissions but has lagged in regulating industrial air and water pollution.
In 2. 00. 0, carbon dioxide emissions totaled 7. The nation has 4. Pollution has also damaged the coastal mangrove swamps, which serve as important fish breeding grounds. Between the 1. 92.
Philippines lost 7. In 2. 00. 0, about 1.
About 5. 0% of the nation's coral reefs are rated dead or dying as a result of pollution and dynamiting by fishermen. The nation is also vulnerable to typhoons, earthquakes, floods, and volcanic activity.
According to a 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), threatened species included 5. Threatened species in the Philippines included the monkey- eating eagle, Philippine tarsier, tamarau, four species of turtle (green sea, hawksbill, olive ridley, and leatherback), Philippines crocodile, sinarapan, and two species of butterfly.
The cebu warty pig, Panay flying fox, and Chapman's fruit bat have become extinct. The population of Philippines in 2. United Nations (UN) at 8.
In 2. 00. 5, approximately 4% of the population was over 6. There were 1. 01 males for every 1. According to the UN, the annual population rate of change for 2.
The projected population for the year 2. The overall population density was 2. Luzon and the Visayan Sea islands. The UN estimated that 4. Metropolitan Manila, the capital, had a population of 1. Created in 1. 97.
Manila includes four cities—Manila proper, Quezon City, Caloocan City, and Pasay City—and 1. Other major cities include Davao, Cebu, Zamboanga, Bacolod, Cagayan de Oro, and Iloilo. The rapid growth of the Philippine population has led to considerable internal migration.
On Luzon, frontier- like settlements have pushed into the more remote areas. The Mindoro and Palawan islands also have attracted numerous settlers, and hundreds of thousands of land- hungry Filipinos have relocated to less densely populated Mindanao. There also has been a massive movement to metropolitan Manila, especially from central Luzon. Emigration abroad is substantial.
To reduce domestic unemployment, over 5. Philippine citizens were working abroad in the late 1. Middle East, but also in Hong Kong and Singapore. Emigration to the United States particularly has been considerable: As of the 2.
US census, 1,3. 69,0. Americans, or. 8.
US population, residing chiefly in California and Hawaii claimed only Filipino ancestry. In 2. 00. 4, 1. 43 Filipinos sought asylum in Canada. As of 1. 99. 8, there were still 1,5.
Vietnam in a Palawan camp, who were refused refugee status but allowed to stay pending a repatriation solution.
Church government . There are basically three types of church government that have developed in the various Christian denominations: the episcopal, the presbyterian, and the congregational. Multimedia. Does the Bible prescribe a type of church government?
Notable quotes. Alec Motyer . Advocates for an episcopal form of church government argue that the sheer fact that it went virtually uncontested until the time of the Reformation testifies to its claims of apostolicity, although not all contemporary episcopalian apologists argue from history rather than Scripture. A notable example is Ray Sutton, the Suffragan Bishop in the Diocese of Mid- America of the Reformed Episcopal Church, who has produced work arguing that the episcopal system is biblical.
Presbyterian. Common in Presbyterian and Reformed churches, this form of church government is commonly described as . Those elders are typically elected by the congregation on a periodic basis (usually a term lasts about 3 years). Sometimes elders are elected by the drawing of lots. Those who are elected to office serve their terms as the spiritual/theological/moral/visionary leaders of the congregation. They also then participate in the governance of the regional body of churches (sometimes called a .
The Synod will meet regularly (yearly, for example) to discuss major issues of theology and practice facing the whole denomination. Synod too, however, does not have a . The Pastor in this model of governance does not have special authority beyond that of the Elders, except insofar as, due to their role and training, they are recognized to be . Please edit it to add information. Please edit it to add information. Paige Patterson has summarized congregational polity as follows. Zondervan 2. 00. 4)Churches organized with a congregational polity may be involved in conventions, districts or associations which allow them to share common beliefs, cooperate in joint ministry efforts and regulate clergy with other congregations.
Churches organized with a congregational polity generally disapprove of acknowledging authority in councils or other proceedings involving delegates or representatives from outside the local congregation. However, congregational polity does not prevent a local congregation's leadership from adopting the decision or position of another congregation or a council or other gathering.
Single elder/pastor led. In a congregational church led by a single elder/pastor, primary leadership in all decisions and doctrinal determinations is vested in a single leader. Typically, this leader also performs the duties of a senior pastor/minister and provides the preaching and teaching ministries for the church in addition to administrative leadership. Often, a congregational church led by a single elder/pastor was founded by that singular leader or by a previous singular leader who appointed the present leader. Paige Patterson argues that, despite biblical evidence undeniably exists in support of a plurality of elders, several factors support the ascendancy of a principal elder as the singular leader of the congregation. Those factors include: 1) the general pattern in the Old and New Testaments (e.
Moses, the judges, Peter, James the brother of Jesus); 2) the pattern of the early church (e. John Chrysostom in Antioch and at Saint Sophia's in Constantinople, Augustine in Hippo, Jonathan Edwards in Northampton); 3) influence of the synagogue on the church, including adoption by the church of the . Responding to Patterson, L. Roy Taylor raises concerns regarding the accountability of this polity. Taylor, writing as a proponent of Presbyterian polity, comments, . Writing as a proponent of plural elder congregationalism, Samuel E. Waldron points out that a single- elder congregational polity is precisely the model that led to episcopacy in the early church.
Patterson's position addresses common practices by Baptist churches in America. It does not address single- elder congregational polity structures common in Pentecostal, Charismatic and congregations from other traditions. Though experience has brought about modification of the more extreme manifestations, single- elder congregationalism in some of these traditions consolidated authority to the point of autocracy. Concerns related to the more extreme forms of single- elder congregationalism has resulted in more accountability within Pentecostal congregations such as those affiliated with the Assemblies of God. Also, common experience with the consequences of unaccountable authority ranging from inappropriate use of church finances all the way to the tragedy in Jonestown are often relied upon by opponents of this structure in favor of increased accountability. Common in some Baptist and Congregational churches. Democratic congregational.
In a congregational church led by a democratically elected leadership board or council, final authority for all decisions and doctrinal determinations are vested in a plurality of representative leaders selected by the congregation. The titles of the individual leaders and the structure of the leadership board or council varies. One common use of this structure involves the election of . Typically, . In some congregational churches, . This structure is very similar to the .
In some congregations, elders are appointed by someone or some entity respected by the congregation and allows this authority. In some congregations, elders serve until they resign, die or are removed by the congregation or their peers for doctrinal or moral failures. This structure can, but does not always, include the use of . Since the Bible is not silent on the subject, key elements in the biblical examples are germane. Greg Bahnsen has noted the following.
These elders have oversight of the church (Acts 2. Pet. 5: 2- 3) and are thus responsible to rule the congregation (1 Tim. Thes. 1. 3: 7, 1. They judge among the brothers (cf.
Tim. Christ calls them to use the “keys of the kingdom” to bind and loose (Matt. John 2. 0: 2. 3)—these keys being the preaching of the gospel (I John I : 3), administering of the sacraments (Matt.
I Cor. 1. 1: 2. 3ff.), and the exercise of discipline (Matt. I Cor. 5: 1- 5). The elders are assisted in their ministry by . Acts 6: 1- 6; cf. The office- bearers in the church are nominated and elected by the members of the congregation (e.
Acts 6: 5- 6), but must also be examined, confirmed and ordained by the present board of elders (Acts 6: 6; 1. Tim. 4: 1. 4). Members of the church have the right to appeal disputed matters in the congregation to their elders for resolution, and if the dispute is with those local elders, to appeal to the regional governing body (the presbytery) or, beyond that, to the whole general assembly (Acts 1.
The decisions of the wider governing bodies are authoritative in all the local congregations (Acts 1. Please edit it to add information.